Faecal fat and body weight changes following Roux-en-Y and jejunal loop interposition reconstructive technique in total gastrectomized dogs

Total gastrectomy is one of the most common operative procedures for gastric malignancy, but the recommended method of gastrointestinal reconstruction after gastrectomy is still controversial. Significant weight loss has been noted by many observers following gastrectomy. The Roux-en-Y method is the most frequent reconstructive technique performed after gastrectomy. This technique is easy to perform and prevents reflux esophagitis, but the major disadvantage of the technique is bypassing of the duodenum from the transit of food. This study was performed to compare two reconstructive techniques [the standard Roux-en-Y and jejunal loop interposition] after gastrectomy, considering post operative body weight loss in 10 healthy dogs. In group A, Roux-en-Y, following gastrectomy end to side anastomosis was performed between the distal jejunal end and remained part of the stomach. In group B, jejunal loop interposition, a 20 cm section of jejunal loop was resected and interposition of the loop was performed between the remaining part of the stomach and the duodenum. The patients were weighed before and after surgery until 30 days postoperatively and their weights were recorded daily. Also, faecal fat was measured on day 28 postoperatively. No fat was detected in faecal samples in group B, however different amounts of fat were measured in group A. Mean of preoperative weight was 28 +/- 3 kg. Data indicates a significant difference in mean of body weights in both groups pre and post operatively [P<0.05]. Mean percentage of body weights was significantly lower 67.18% +/- 4.4 in group A compared to group B [73.05% +/- 3.9] [P=0.04], which can indicate the importance of duodenal passage in reduction of post operative body weight loss

Appendicovesical fistula: a rare complication of appendicitis

Appendicovesical fistula is an uncommon type of enterovesical fistula and a rare complication of unrecognized appendicitis. Appendicovesical fistula often presents with recurrent or persistent urinary tract infection, especially in men. The commonest causes are appendicitis, cecal diverticulitis, and cystadenocarcinoma or carcinoid tumors of appendix. Approximately 114 cases have been reported previously in the literature, the vast majority in young male patients. Our special case joins the other cases which have already been described in the international literature. This case is a middle-aged man and is the first who has large and multiple fecaliths. We reviewed other cases and contributed an additional one with hope that increased awareness of this entity may facilitate the correct diagnosis and avoid inappropriate management

Evolution in treatment methods of hepatic hydatid cyst

A large number of surgical and non-surgical treatment methods have been propounded for cystic echinococcosis of liver so far. For decades, surgical excision via conservative or radical approaches was the only known treatment method for this diseasx Availability of chemotherapeutic agents with considerable activity against Echinococcus granulosus has made it possible to treat hydatid cysts with ultrasound- or computed tomography-guided transhepatic percutaneous drainage method, named Puncture, Aspiration, Injection, and Re-aspiration [PAIR]. The aim of this study was to compare the older and newer treatment methods for liver hydatid cyst. A search was made on three decades later in four different data bases MEDLINE, Chohran Library, Web of Science and Science Direct with keywords: "hepatic hydatid cyst ", "Albendazol", "Cystic echinococcosis", "PAIR", "metaanalysis", Randomized controlled trial Three hundred and seven studies met our inclusion criteria. Most of these studies had considerably large-sized samples of patients with hepatic hydatid cyst. They were comprised of original research articles' case reports, review articles, and randomized controlled trials. These studies had assessed efficacy of conventional surgical methods as well as that of chemotherapy and PAIR. Surgery with different techniques aiming eradication and reductien of recurrence is considered as one the main treatment methods. However, use of percutaneous drainage and minimally invasive techniques is now growing. PAIR with albendazole appears to have higher clinical efficacy, and lower rates of major and minor complications, mortality, short and long term disease recurrence, and fewer days of hospitalization as compared with surgery. Therefore, it is preferable to surgery. Surgery is suggestible in cases for which PAIR is not feasible or complications of the cyst are an issue. Pre- and post-intervention chemotherapy reduces disease recurrence and intraperitoneal seeding of infection

[Treatment results in hydrofluoric acid burns]

Background: Hydrofluoric acid and other fluorine compounds are used in different industries worldwide. Fluoride ion bonding with Calcium and Magnesium ions interferes with cell enzymatic systems and causes cell death. Any hesitation in diagnosis and treatment can lead to irreversible injuries in exposed individuals. Sectional study was conducted on 74 workers who had occupational

Material and Method: This cross exposure to Hydrofluoric acid. After dermal contamination, treatment procedures at the time of exposure and later in the medical center included decontamination with water, topical application of Calcium Gluconate Gel 2.5% and/or Benzalkonium Chloride solution. Workers and physicians were asked to fill in separate questionnaires providing data on the type and extent of burn and treatment procedures. Data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical methods in SPSS data bank

Results: 56 cases [75.7%] had carried out decontamination with water and 24 cases [32.4%] had applied Calcium Gluconate Gel immediately after exposure. In the clinic, treatment procedures included: decontamination for 46 cases [62.16%] and Calcium Gluconate Gel for 70 cases [94.59%]. More than 80% of burns were first degree at the time visited by physician and no complications observed in later follow-ups

Conclusion: It can be concluded that the initial washing with water and application of Calcium Gluconate Gel 2.5% at the time of exposure and later in the medical center is an effective and acceptable method in HF burn